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试验对西宁自然库中不同贮存年限的127份豌豆种质资源的遗传完整性变化及其研究方法进行了探讨。贮存13～16年的种子,平均仍具有78.4%的发芽率和58.0%的成苗率。活力指数高达139.1.而贮存20年的种子,这个指标则大大降低,分别仅有16.5%1.3%和9.3。表明西宁自然库可以作为保存豌豆种质资源的中期库。但贮存期限不宜超过15年。测试结果显示:种子越陈旧,其发芽率、成苗率和活力指数越低,而电导率、糖类溶出物和染色体畸变频率越高。发芽率与上述性状指标的正或负相关关系均达扳显著水准(P=0.01)。表明活力指数、电导率及染色体畸变率是衡量陈旧豌豆种子遗传完整性变化的有效指标。
The genetic diversity of 127 pea germplasm resources in different storage years in Xining Natural Reserve was studied and its research methods were discussed. Seeds stored for 13-16 years still had an average germination rate of 78.4% and a seedling rate of 58.0%. The vitality index was as high as 139.1, while for the 20-year-old seeds, the index was significantly lower at only 16.5%, 1.3% and 9.3% respectively. It shows that Xining Natural Bank can serve as a mid-term reservoir for preserving pea germplasm resources. However, the shelf life of not more than 15 years. The test results showed that the older the seeds, the lower the germination rate, the seedling emergence rate and the vitality index, while the higher the conductivity, saccharide leachables and chromosome aberration. The germination rate and the traits of indicators of positive or negative correlation reached a significant level (P = 0.01). It indicates that vitality index, conductivity and chromosome aberration rate are effective indicators to measure the genetic integrity of old pea seeds.