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博茨瓦纳自1966年独立以来,效仿英国发展模式,从一个最贫穷的非洲国家发展为非洲经济状况较好的国家之一。然而主体民族茨瓦纳人的发展在某种程度上是以剥夺、牺牲非茨瓦纳人即少数族群的权益为代价。在政府的同化政策与建立单一民族国家的目标下,很多少数族群面临着不均衡发展的困境。本文通过梳理博茨瓦纳部族、民族、族群等概念,试图真实反映该国的民族问题并分析其根源,揭示出民族关系对国家建构的影响。
Since its independence in 1966, Botswana has emulated the British model of development and developed from one of the poorest African countries to one of the countries with better economic conditions in Africa. However, the development of the main ethnic Tswana people is to some extent at the cost of deprivation and the sacrificing of the rights and interests of non-Tswana, or minority ethnic groups. Under the government’s assimilation policy and the goal of establishing a single nation nation, many ethnic minorities are faced with the dilemma of unbalanced development. By combing the concepts of tribal, ethnic and ethnic groups in Botswana, this article attempts to truly reflect the national problems of the country and analyze its root causes, revealing the influence of ethnic relations on state construction.