民族国家兴起于西欧,主要是英法民族国家。这两个国家起先都是在君主制下建立起来的,即所谓民族君主国,尔后才由君主制国家向民主国家转变。英国的君主通过扫除国内的分裂割据势力、宗教改革来加强中央集权,建立统一的国内市场以及支持民族语言的发展,从而促进了统一的民族国家的形成。 The rise of nation states in Western Europe, mainly the Anglo-French nation states. These two countries were initially established under the monarchy, the so-called national monarchy, before they were transformed from monarchies to democracies. The British monarchs promoted the formation of a unified nation state by sweeping apart the separatist forces and the religious reforms in the country to strengthen central authority, establish a unified domestic market and support the development of national languages.