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目的通过对2012—2015年湖北省麻疹病毒流行株的基因型别和特征进行分析,了解湖北省麻疹病毒流行株基因特点,为制定消除麻疹策略提供依据。方法选取2012—2015年湖北省麻疹病例咽拭子标本126份,提取病毒核酸,对其中86份核酸阳性标本通过RT-PCR扩增麻疹病毒N基因并进行序列测定,对病毒基因型别进行分析。结果通过基因测序定型发现2012—2015年湖北省麻疹病毒基因型主要为H1a亚型,仅发现一例D8亚型,2例麻疹病毒疫苗株A基因。结论2012—2015年湖北省麻疹病毒主要为H1a基因亚型,首次发现一例麻疹D8基因亚型,存在少数疫苗相关病例。建议进一步加强麻疹病毒基因型别监测,实时了解全省麻疹病毒基因型别变化特征,为中国消除麻疹行动计划提供科学依据。
Objective To analyze the genotypes and characteristics of measles virus strains in Hubei Province from 2012 to 2015 so as to understand the gene characteristics of the measles virus epidemic strains in Hubei Province and provide the basis for formulating the measles elimination strategy. Methods A total of 126 pharyngeal swab specimens were collected from 2012 to 2015 in Hubei Province. Virus nucleic acid was extracted from 86 measles virus positive samples. The genotypes of measles virus were amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced. . Results The genotypes of measles virus in Hubei Province from 2012 to 2015 were H1a subtype, only one case of D8 subtype and two cases of measles virus vaccine strain A gene. Conclusion The measles virus in Hubei Province from 2012 to 2015 was mainly H1a subtype. The first case of measles virus D8 subtype was found, and there were a few vaccine-related cases. It is suggested to further strengthen the monitoring of genotypes of measles virus and get a real-time understanding of the characteristics of the genotypes of measles virus in the province so as to provide a scientific basis for China’s measles elimination plan.