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目的了解福州地区围产儿出生缺陷的发生情况及特征,探讨可能的影响因素及预防措施,以减少出生缺陷发生率。方法按全国出生监测中心制定的出生缺陷监测方案,对2013年10月至2014年9月在福建省妇幼保健院出生的围产儿进行缺陷监测。结果监测的14 962例围产儿中,出生缺陷913例,发生率6.1%;围产儿死亡213例,病死率1.4%;出生缺陷儿死亡113例,病死率12.4%,出生缺陷死亡占围产儿死亡的53.1%。913例出生缺陷中,城镇占62.8%,乡村占37.2%。孕妇≥35岁者围产儿出生缺陷发生率最高(7.9%)。出生缺陷前5位:先天性心脏病、足内翻、隐睾、肾发育异常和外耳其他畸形。结论围产儿出生缺陷病种多,影响因素多样化;加强产前筛查,努力做好新生儿出生缺陷的三级预防工作,可降低出生缺陷发生率,提高人口素质。
Objective To understand the occurrence and characteristics of birth defects in perinatals in Fuzhou and to explore the possible influencing factors and preventive measures to reduce the incidence of birth defects. Methods According to the monitoring program of birth defects developed by the National Birth Monitoring Center, the defects of perinatal children born in MCH in Fujian Province from October 2013 to September 2014 were monitored. Results Among the 14 962 cases of perinatal children monitored, 913 cases of birth defects occurred, with a prevalence of 6.1%. Perinatal deaths were 213 cases and the case fatality rate was 1.4%. Birth defects accounted for 113 cases and the case fatality rate was 12.4%. Birth defects accounted for the death of perinatal children Of 53.1%. Of the 913 birth defects, 62.8% were towns and 37.2% were villages. The highest incidence of birth defects in pregnant women ≥35 years of age (7.9%). Top 5 birth defects: congenital heart disease, varus, cryptorchidism, abnormal kidney development and other malformations of the outer ear. CONCLUSION: There are many birth defects and various influencing factors in perinatal infants. To strengthen prenatal screening and make tertiary prevention work for neonatal birth defects can reduce the incidence of birth defects and improve the population quality.