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在动态面板数据的System-GMM模型基础上,利用CHNS数据研究不同教育程度的非正规就业者与正规就业者的工资差异,结果显示:不同的教育组别,两部门收入差异存在着明显不同。正规就业者的收入优势只在高中教育组和大专及以上教育组显著存在,初中及以下教育水平就业者的收入并没有显著的部门差异。进一步的研究还发现,随着教育程度的提高,两部门教育回报率差距变大;高中教育组在两部门的收入差异主要来源于非个体特征因素导致的劳动力市场分割,而大专及以上教育组在两部门的收入差异则更多来自于个体的资源禀赋。这说明,人力资本,特别是教育在两部门收入差异方面起了重要作用。
On the basis of the System-GMM model of dynamic panel data, we use CHNS data to study the wage difference between informal workers and regular employees with different education levels. The results show that there are significant differences in income differences between different education groups and departments. The income advantage of regular employees is only significant in the upper secondary education group and the junior secondary education group and above, and there is no significant sectoral difference in the income of those with education at junior high school and below. Further research also found that with the improvement of education level, the difference of education rate of return between the two departments became larger. The difference of income of high school education group in two departments mainly came from the labor market segmentation caused by non-individual characteristic factors, The difference in income between the two sectors comes more from individual resource endowments. This shows that human capital, especially education, plays an important role in the income disparity between the two sectors.