戏曲的振兴和复苏,固然有多种途径,但笔者认为,观众才是戏曲生存之根。戏曲观众的老化、断层和流失,有多种因素:第一,戏曲受市场经济的影响。随着市场经济的形成和发展,戏曲艺术在剧目创作、管理、理论研究、剧团体制改革、演出市场的规范等诸方面都要打破原来固有的定式,调整视角、重新定位,这首先就必须有一个过渡和适应过程。正是由于这一转轨过程的延续,戏曲滞后于时代发展而落伍了。第二,戏曲艺术节奏慢、程式化太强。戏曲艺术有其独特 The revival and recovery of opera, of course, there are many ways, but I believe that the audience is the root of drama. There are many factors that affect the aging, breakdown and loss of opera audiences. First, drama is influenced by the market economy. With the formation and development of the market economy, opera art has to break the inherent stereotypes, adjust its perspective and reposition itself in the fields of composition, management, theoretical research, the reform of the troupe system and the regulation of the performance market. First, it must have A transition and adaptation process. It is because of the continuation of this process of transition that the drama lagged behind the development of the times and lagged behind. Second, the drama art is slow and too stylized. Opera art has its own uniqueness