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水是一种无可代替的生命资源，而由于人口压力，每个居民所能得到的淡水量正不断减少。约有３０个国家已经陷入严重的水荒。在今后５０年内，还有３０个国家将进入这个缺水的行列。这些国家往往是世界上最穷的国家，那里的人口过剩、不发达和干旱贫瘠问题形成死结。在过去３０年的发展中，饮用水的供应有所进步，但是，对地下含水层及河流的过度使用和污染，以及大规模的城市化和因此引起的拥挤现象正在破坏这方面的成就。世界上某些热点地区的水量稀缺很可能引发现已潜伏的各种冲突。为了避免大祸临头，应该重新考虑在地方性、区域性和全球性诸层次上管理水资源，设法长远保护这种资源的永续利用。有必要双管齐下，一方面调整生育率，另一方面开发新的水源以满足农业、工业和家庭的需要。这项“蓝色革命”必然在更大程度上依靠海水淡化。
Water is an irreplaceable source of life, and as a result of population pressure, the amount of freshwater that each inhabitant can receive is declining. About 30 countries have fallen into serious water shortages. In the next 50 years, another 30 countries will enter this water shortage. These countries are often the poorest countries in the world, where the problem of overpopulation, underdevelopment and drought and infertility are the culmination. The supply of potable water has improved over the past 30 years, but over-exploitation and pollution of underground aquifers and rivers, as well as large-scale urbanization and consequent congestion, are undermining this achievement. The scarcity of water in some hot spots in the world is likely to trigger the various conflicts that are now latent. In order to avoid catastrophe, it is important to reconsider the management of water resources at the local, regional and global levels and seek to ensure the sustainable use of such resources in the long term. There is a need for a two-pronged approach to adjusting fertility rates on the one hand and developing new water sources on the other to meet the needs of agriculture, industry and households. This “blue revolution” inevitably depends more on desalination.