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目的探讨有效的针具交换结合同伴教育员工作模式。方法采取加强领导与协调,建设工作开展支持性环境;加大宣传力度,营造良好社会氛围;加强队伍建设,提高同伴教育员数量和工作能力;加强同伴教育员管理,强化工作过程监管;加强定期考核、建立激励与淘汰机制;加强安全防范,保障工作人员和同伴教育员人身财物安全等策略措施,推动针具交换工作的开展。结果①干预前后IDU注射吸毒频率的分布没有显著性变化(P>0.05)。②最近一次注射共针率、最近30天共针率和最近3个月共针率,分别由11.25%、19.38%、24.38%,下降至4.64%、9.27%、14.57%。前后均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。③IDU最近一次与固定性伴和非固定性伴发生性关系时,安全套使用率由25.58%和42.22%上升至71.83%、86.84%。前后均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论针具交换结合同伴教育员工作模式有利于IDU高危行为的减少。
Objective To explore the effective exchange of needles and the working mode of peer educators. Methods To strengthen the leadership and coordination, to build a supportive environment; to increase publicity to create a good social atmosphere; to strengthen team building and improve the number of fellow educators and their ability to work; to strengthen the management of fellow educators and to strengthen the supervision over the work process; to strengthen the regular Assessment and establishment of incentives and elimination mechanisms; strengthen safety precautions, safeguard personal and property safety of staff and peer educators and other strategic measures to promote the needle exchange work. Results ① There was no significant difference in the frequency of IDU injection before and after intervention (P> 0.05). (2) The most common acupuncture rate in the last 30 days, the acupuncture rate in the last 30 days and the acupuncture rate in the recent 3 months decreased from 11.25%, 19.38% and 24.38% to 4.64%, 9.27% and 14.57% respectively. Before and after were significant differences (P <0.05). ③ The most recent IDU sex partners with and without fixed sex partners, condom use increased from 25.58% and 42.22% to 71.83%, 86.84%. Before and after were significant differences (P <0.05). Conclusion The exchange of needle and peer educators work mode is conducive to the reduction of IDU high-risk behavior.