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乳腺癌是女性患者中发病率较高的恶性肿瘤之一,近年来呈现发病率高、低龄化的表现。影像学检查是诊断乳腺癌的主要手段,主要包括X线钼靶、超声检查、CT和磁共振成像。目前,磁共振在诊断乳腺癌方面,具有软组织分辨率高、无辐射、对周围组织结构显像清晰等特点,在早期乳腺癌诊断方面明显优于超声和钼靶检查。随着肿瘤个体化、规范化治疗的理念不断推广和深入,MRI检查在肿瘤分期评估、保乳治疗患者的术前评估和选择、腋窝淋巴结转移及无法明确原发灶患者的确诊、指导和评估辅助化疗及术后随访和肿瘤检测等多方面起到了关键性的作用,具有显著的临床应用价值。文章将对目前乳腺癌MRI检查的临床研究及应用进展进行总结和叙述,为MRI诊断乳腺癌提供客观准确的依据。
Breast cancer is a high incidence of malignant tumors in female patients, showing a high incidence in recent years, the performance of younger age. Imaging examination is the main means of diagnosis of breast cancer, including X-ray molybdenum target, ultrasound, CT and magnetic resonance imaging. At present, MRI has the characteristics of high soft tissue resolution, no radiation and clear imaging of the surrounding tissue in the diagnosis of breast cancer, and is superior to ultrasound and mammography in the diagnosis of early breast cancer. As the concept of individualization and standardization of cancer continues to promote and deepen, MRI examination in the assessment of tumor staging, breast-conserving treatment of patients with preoperative evaluation and selection, axillary lymph node metastasis and not clear the diagnosis of patients with primary focus, guidance and evaluation support Chemotherapy and postoperative follow-up and tumor detection and many other aspects played a key role, with significant clinical value. The article will summarize and describe the current clinical research and application progress of MRI in breast cancer, and provide an objective and accurate basis for MRI diagnosis of breast cancer.