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一、输血传播的疾病 (一)亚太地区输血传播的最重要的疾病是乙型肝炎和非甲非乙型肝炎(NANBH): 1、对所有供血者和采出的血应进行乙型肝炎表面抗原筛检,对试验阳性的供血者应提出可行的建议。 2、在某些地区,因急症不能做输血前试验时,应建立抗乙型肝炎表面抗原抗体阳性的供血者名册。 3、只有前瞻性研究确定NANBH的代替试验(surrogate tests)的价值后才采用这类试验。 (二)预防输血传播的疾病最重要的单一步骤是仔细选择供血者以及询问病史。所以,对可能的和有活动性疾病的供血者应进行全面评价。 (三)输血传播的疾病各地大不相同,对某些传染病可不必强调进行筛检。因此: 1、对每种输血传播的疾病的筛检方针应以此病在社会上的流行情况而定。
I. Blood transfusion-transmitted diseases (1) The most important diseases of transfusion transmission in the Asia Pacific region are hepatitis B and non-A non-B hepatitis (NANBH): 1. Hepatitis B should be applied to all blood donors and produced blood. Antigen screening should provide feasible suggestions for test positive donors. 2. In some regions, when a pretransfusion test cannot be performed due to an emergency, a list of donors who are positive for antibodies against hepatitis B surface antigen should be established. 3. Such trials are only used after prospective studies have established the value of surrogate tests for NANBH. (b) The single most important step in preventing transfusion-transmitted diseases is to carefully select blood donors and ask about medical history. Therefore, a thorough evaluation of the donors of possible and active diseases should be conducted. (C) Blood transfusion-transmitted diseases vary greatly from place to place. It is not necessary to emphasize screening for certain infectious diseases. Therefore: 1. The screening policy for each transfusion-transmitted disease should be determined by the prevalence of this disease in society.