随着科学技术的发展,食用菌育种家们已使用突变技术,如用氮芥子气、亚硝酸、X射线、紫外线等来处理,以促使遗传物质改变取得新种;也有人试用营养缺陷型、菌丝前端和细胞破壁后的原生质等材料进行杂交育种。一般生产或制种单位育种时,常从自然和丰产场地选取一些较理想的种菇,用各种方法分离出所希望的优良菌种。这里着重介绍二种常用的分离方法。 With the development of science and technology, edible fungus breeders have used mutation techniques such as treatment with nitrogen mustard gas, nitrous acid, X-ray and ultraviolet rays to promote the genetic material to obtain new species. Some people also try auxotrophic bacteria Silk front and broken cells after the protoplasm and other materials for hybrid breeding. General breeding or seed production units, often from natural and productive areas to select some of the more ideal kinds of mushrooms, with a variety of methods to isolate the desired good strains. Here are two commonly used separation methods.