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中华鲟（ＡｃｉｐｅｎｓｅｒｓｉｎｅｎｓｉｓＧｒａｙ）是一种洄游性的鲟科鱼类，平时生活于海洋，亲鲟成熟后溯游到江河里繁殖。在长江葛洲坝修筑以前，中华鲟产卵场位于长江上游和金沙江下游江段。６０—７０年代中期，一些科研单位对上游中华鲟繁殖群体及产卵场等进行了较为全面的调查，撰写出版了《长江鲟鱼类生物学与人工繁殖研究》（１９８８），中华鲟的人工繁殖也于１９７１年首获成功。葛洲坝枢纽建成以后，中华鲟繁殖群体被阻隔于葛洲坝下游宜昌江段，围绕大坝对中华鲟生存带来的不利影响以及其物种保护问题，中国科学院水生生物研究所和长江水产研究所对长江中华鲟的资源动态进行了持续多年的监测，开展了多项研究。本文对上述的研究成果和进展予以综合报道。研究结果表明，建坝后滞留于宜昌江段的中华鲟繁殖群体结构年际间相对稳定，成熟雌鲟的卵径、绝对和相对繁殖力等指标与建坝前无显著差异；葛洲坝下游宜昌江段具备中华鲟产卵所需的水文、底质等基本条件，自１９８２年以来，每年都有中华鲟的产卵活动发生，主要的产卵场稳定；１９８３年起采取严格禁止商业捕捞和保护产卵场等保护措施后，长江河口地区中华鲟幼鱼资源显著回升，中华鲟亲鱼的成熟比例也显著增加，达到４５％—９２．６?
Chinese sturgeon (AcipensersinensisGray) is a migratory sturgeon fish, usually living in the ocean, pro-sturgeon maturity after the river to reproduce. Before the construction of the Gezhouba Dam in the Yangtze River, the spawning grounds of Chinese sturgeon are located in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the lower reaches of the Jinsha River. In the mid-1970s, some research institutes carried out a more comprehensive investigation of the breeding population and spawning grounds of Chinese sturgeons in the upper reaches, and wrote and published “Research on the Biology and Artificial Reproduction of Sturgeons in the Yangtze River” (1988) Breeding was also first successful in 1971. After the completion of the Gezhouba Dam, the breeding population of Chinese sturgeon is blocked in downstream of Gezhouba Dam in Yichang River section. Around the dam’s adverse impact on the survival of Chinese sturgeon and its species conservation, the Institute of Hydrobiology and the Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, The resource dynamics of the sturgeon have undergone many years of monitoring and many studies have been conducted. This article gives a comprehensive report on the above research results and progress. The results showed that the population structure of Chinese sturgeon stranded in Yichang section after the dam construction was relatively stable over the years, and the indexes such as egg diameter, absolute and relative fecundity of mature sturgeon were not significantly different from those before dam construction; The section has the basic conditions of hydrology and sediment required for spawning Chinese sturgeon. Every year since 1982, spawning activity of Chinese sturgeon occurs and the main spawning ground is stable. Since 1983, strict prohibition of commercial fishing and protection Spawning grounds and other protective measures, the juvenile Chinese sturgeon in the Yangtze estuarine region recovered significantly, and the maturation rate of Chinese sturgeon also increased significantly to 45% -92.6%.