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目的当患者因体位受限等各种原因不能接受根尖片投照时,使用相对近距离投照技术,能够获取上颌磨牙影像,为临床诊断治疗提供依据。方法利用放大入射点空间,近光源物像放大模糊,近片物像清晰的原理,使用普通X线牙片机、5英寸×7英寸(1英寸=2.54 cm)胶片及片盒,令患者端坐,矢状面与地面垂直,头略仰,至下颌骨长轴与地面平行。片盒长轴与下颌骨长轴平行,投照面中心点紧贴欲观察的上颌磨牙根端体表部位。患者矢状面与片盒一起向被检侧倾斜约20°。X线机遮线筒口中心紧贴对侧下颌角下方1 cm处组织面,中心线经被检侧磨牙入射。结果影像可以显示上颌后牙,位于上颌窦下方、下颌磨牙区上方、颈椎影像的前方。对侧下颌升支及牙齿影像放大模糊,位于上颌后牙影像的前上区域。结论上颌后牙相对近距离投照技术,使用常规牙片X线机,临床操作简单易行,适用于各种无法开口、不能投照根尖片的患者,失败率低,影像清晰,可为临床诊断提供高质量的影像。
Objective When the patient can not receive the root tip film due to various reasons such as body position limitation, the use of relatively close projection technology can obtain the image of the maxillary molars and provide the basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods Using the principle of magnifying the entrance point, blurring of near-light object image and clear image of near object, using ordinary X-ray toothbrush, 5 inch × 7 inch (1 inch = 2.54 cm) film and cassette, Sit, sagittal plane perpendicular to the ground, head slightly Yang, to the mandibular long axis parallel to the ground. The long axis of the cassette is parallel to the long axis of the mandible, and the center of the projection surface is close to the surface of the root end of the maxillary molars to be observed. The patient’s sagittal plane is tilted about 20 ° to the subject side along with the cassette. The center line of the X-ray mask was close to the tissue surface 1 cm below the mandibular angle of the contralateral side, and the centerline was incident on the examined molar. Results The image can show the maxillary posterior teeth, located below the maxillary sinus, mandibular molar area, in front of the cervical image. Opposite mandibular ascending and dental imaging zoom fuzzy, located in the maxillary posterior teeth on the area. Conclusions The maxillary posterior teeth relatively short-distance projection technology, the use of conventional dental X-ray machine, simple and easy operation, suitable for all kinds of can not be opened, can not cast root tip film patients with low failure rate, clear images, for Clinical diagnosis provides high-quality images.