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目的探讨安徽省农村地区老年人高血压患病现状及影响因素,为制定老年人保健措施提供依据。方法采用自编问卷和现场体格检查方法,对安徽省部分农村地区751名60岁～的老年人进行高血压患病现状及患病危险因素调查,并进行多因素Logistic回归分析。结果在751名农村老年人中,高血压患病率为54.1%。单因素分析结果显示:高血压患病率的影响因素有年龄(χ2=12.968,P=0.011)、爱吃甜食(χ2=4.349,P=0.039)、爱吃咸食(χ2=6.398,P=0.013)、食用蔬菜量(χ2=15.223,P=0.004)、体质指数(BMI)(χ2=26.106,P=0.000)、腹型肥胖(χ2=14.591,P=0.000)。多因素分析结果显示,高血压危险系数与BMI、年龄、咸食食用量、腹型肥胖程度呈正比,与蔬菜食用量呈反比。结论安徽省农村老年人高血压现状不容乐观,应加强高血压患病相关因素的健康教育,促进农村老年人养成良好的生活习惯,预防和控制高血压的发生。
Objective To explore the prevalence and influencing factors of hypertension in the elderly in rural areas of Anhui Province and to provide the basis for formulating the health care measures for the elderly. Methods Self-compiled questionnaires and on-site physical examination were used to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension in 751 elderly people aged 60 years in some rural areas of Anhui Province. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed. Results Among 751 rural elderly, the prevalence of hypertension was 54.1%. Univariate analysis showed that the influencing factors of the prevalence of hypertension were age (χ2 = 12.968, P = 0.011), sweet tooth eating (χ2 = 4.349, P = 0.039) (Χ2 = 15.223, P = 0.004), body mass index (χ2 = 26.106, P = 0.000) and abdominal obesity (χ2 = 14.591, P = 0.000). Multivariate analysis showed that the risk of hypertension was positively correlated with BMI, age, salty food consumption and abdominal obesity, and inversely with the consumption of vegetables. Conclusion The current situation of hypertension in the elderly in rural areas of Anhui Province is not optimistic. Health education should be strengthened to promote the development of good habits in rural elderly and to prevent and control the occurrence of hypertension.