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乘法口诀是需要背诵的。背诵口诀的过程包括:在短时记忆中,通过不断复述法则,通过对法则的视觉编码、听觉编码、语义编码,将法则存储到长时记忆。其中的三个关键因素是:复述的时间,加工(编码)的水平,以及儿童的积极心态。因而,指导儿童,就是要创设积极的、愉悦的学习环境,帮助儿童对该法则进行编码。但是,指导儿童的前提是,尊重儿童的认知发展、记忆发展规律,因为“学习从属于发展,而不是相反。学习的加速大概是可能的,但不要指望有极大的加速”。拔苗助长的结果是:拔苗慢长,拔苗不长,拔苗枯亡,乘法口诀也就走向了它的反面——惩罚口诀。
Multiplication formulas need to be recited. Memorizing formulas include: in the short-term memory, by constantly repeating the law, through the rules of visual coding, auditory coding, semantic coding, the law stored to long-term memory. Three of the key factors are: the time to repeat, the level of processing (coding), and the child’s positive attitude. Therefore, to guide children is to create a positive and enjoyable learning environment to help children to code the law. However, children are guided on the premise of respecting the child’s cognitive development and memory of the law of development because “learning is subordinate to development, not vice versa.” Learning acceleration is probably possible, but do not expect great acceleration. " Destructive promotion of the results are: plucking seedlings slowly, plucking seedlings is not long, plucking seedlings, multiplication formula also toward its opposite - to punish formulas.