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研究了栽参土壤水提取液用不同化学试剂(乙酸乙酯、水饱和正丁醇)萃取和直接采用不同化学试剂(乙酸乙酯、正丁醇、甲醇和蒸馏水)提取,对所得各个组分以人参种子为试材进行生物活性测定,经筛选所得活性较强组分再以人参幼苗为试材进行其根系活力和丙二醛含量测定。结果表明:栽参土壤提取液不同组分均对人参种子胚根生长有不同程度的影响,抑制作用随浓度逐渐增加而增强,其中生物活性较强的组分为栽参土壤水提取液乙酸乙酯萃取相和栽参土壤乙酸乙酯提取组分,两个组分对幼苗根系活力和丙二醛含量都产生显著性影响,在培养96h后,丙二醛含量分别增加23.8%、37.5%,与对照达极显著差异(P<0.01),根系活力分别下降17.2%、27.1%,极显著低于对照(P<0.01)。由此可知,用乙酸乙酯提取栽参土壤可有效获得部分人参化感物质,其可促进人参幼苗根细胞膜质过氧化作用,使膜透性增加,降低人参幼苗根系活力,影响其生长发育。
The extraction of soil water extract from plant was studied with different chemical reagents (ethyl acetate, saturated n-butanol) and direct extraction with different chemical reagents (ethyl acetate, n-butanol, methanol and distilled water) The ginseng seeds were used as biomaterials for determination of bioactivity, and the activity of the active components and the root activity and the content of malondialdehyde of the ginseng seedling were determined by screening. The results showed that different components of soil extracts of ginseng had different effects on the growth of radicle ginseng roots, and the inhibitory effect increased with the increasing of concentration. The components with higher bioactivity were soil water extract Ester extract and ethyl acetate extract of soil planted with two components had significant effects on the root activity and MDA content of the seedlings. After 96 h culture, MDA content increased by 23.8% and 37.5%, respectively, (P <0.01). The root activity decreased by 17.2% and 27.1% respectively, which was significantly lower than that of the control (P <0.01). It can be seen that ethyl acetate extraction of soil can be effectively ginseng allelopathic substances, which can promote the ginseng seedling root cell membrane lipid peroxidation, the membrane permeability increased, reduce the ginseng seedling root activity, affecting its growth and development.