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目的了解儿童医院住院患儿医院感染现患率状况及感染相关因素,为制定预防和控制措施提供参考。方法采用横断面调查方法,分别在2011-2013年同一时段对某儿童医院住院患者医院感染现患率进行调查与分析。结果该儿童医院在连续3年调查住院患儿医院感染现患率分别为6.36%、6.99%和4.55%。重症监护病房(ICU)、血液科、神经内科、消化科、肾内科为医院感染高发科室。医院感染部位以呼吸道居首位,其次是胃肠道和血液系统。共检出病原微生物18种57株,病毒性感染居首位,占50.88%;其次是革兰阴性菌和革兰阳性菌,构成比分别为26.32%、15.79%;真菌和支原体均为3.51%。抗菌药物使用率为65.31%,病原学标本送检率为54.71%。结论该儿童医院住院患儿连续3年医院感染现患率无显著变化,应结合儿童医院特点制定有效防控对策。
Objective To understand the prevalence of nosocomial infections and the related factors of nosocomial infection in children hospitalized in Children’s Hospital and provide references for the formulation of prevention and control measures. Methods The cross-sectional survey method was used to investigate and analyze the prevalence of nosocomial infections in a children’s hospital from the same period of 2011-2013. Results The prevalence of nosocomial infections among children hospitalized in this hospital for three years was 6.36%, 6.99% and 4.55% respectively. Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Hematology, Neurology, Gastroenterology, Nephrology is a high incidence of nosocomial infections. Infected parts of the hospital to respiratory first place, followed by the gastrointestinal tract and blood system. A total of 57 strains of pathogenic microorganisms were detected, of which 57 were virulent, accounting for 50.88%, followed by Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria, accounting for 26.32% and 15.79%, respectively. Both fungal and mycoplasma were 3.51% . Antibiotics use rate was 65.31%, etiological specimens sent rate was 54.71%. Conclusion There is no significant change in prevalence of hospital infection in children hospitalized for 3 consecutive years. Effective prevention and control measures should be formulated according to the characteristics of children’s hospital.