目的　探讨腹膜外结肠造口术在肛管直肠癌治疗中的临床效果。方法　对本院自 1998年 8月至2 0 0 0年 4月收治的肛管直肠癌施行腹膜外结肠造口术 5 3例病人与施行传统Miles术 76例腹膜内结肠造口术病人的效果比较 ,观察造口并发症和排便功能改善情况。结果　 5 3例腹膜外结肠造口术病人经 1～ 19个月的随访 ,除有 2例出现造口周围皮肤炎外 ,尚未发现其他并发症 ,并发症发生率为 3 .8% ,37例病人获排便感。对照组造口狭窄率 5 .2 % (4例 ) ,术后肠梗阻 2 .6 % (2例 ) ,造口周围皮肤炎 6 .6 % (5例 ) ,腹腔内疝 2 .6 % (2例 ) ,造口旁疝 1.3 %(1例 ) ;总术后并发症率为 18.4% ,无 1例病人有排便感 ,两组差异有显著性 (χ2 =6 .16 P <0 .0 5 )。结论　腹膜外造口具有并发症少 ,排便功能好 ,易于术后管理等优点 Objective To investigate the clinical effect of extraperitoneal colostomy in the treatment of anorectal cancer. Methods The clinical data of 53 patients undergoing extraperitoneal colostomy for anal and rectal cancer treated in our hospital from August 1998 to April 2000 were compared with 76 patients undergoing conventional Miles operation for intraperitoneal colostomy Compare and observe stoma complications and defecation function improvement. Results 53 cases of extraperitoneal colostomy patients after 1 to 19 months of follow-up, in addition to 2 cases of dermatitis around the stoma, no other complications have been found, the incidence of complications was 3.8%, 37 cases Patient was defecate. In control group, stenosis rate was 5.2% (4 cases), postoperative intestinal obstruction was 2.6% (2 cases), dermatitis around stoma was 6.6% (5 cases), intra-abdominal hernia was 2.6% ( 2 cases), parastomal hernia 1.3% (1 case); the total postoperative complications rate was 18.4%, no one patient had defecation, the difference between the two groups was significant (χ2 = 6 .16 P <0 .0 5). Conclusion Extraperitoneal ostomy with less complications, good bowel function, easy postoperative management and so on