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目的通过饮食控制碘铁摄入量,建立典型碘铁联合缺乏的大鼠动物模型。方法断乳SD雄性大鼠按体重随机分为对照组和模型组,每组30只,分别饲以正常和缺碘缺铁饲料,饮用去离子水。饲养6周后,测量体重和观察发育状态;处死后摘取甲状腺组织称重。过硫酸铵消化砷铈催化分光光度法测定大鼠尿碘,化学发光法测定血清甲状腺激素水平,生化方法测定血红蛋白浓度,血清铁,总铁结合力。其余大鼠12周后进行同样处理。结果饲养6周后模型组大鼠皮肤较对照组苍白,皮毛粗糙稀疏,体重减轻,甲状腺重量明显增加,尿碘水平(22.5μg/L)较对照组(163.8μg/L)明显降低,与碘摄入量基本平行,血红蛋白浓度和血清铁[(69.2±7.4)g/L,(4.9±1.4)umol/L]较对照组[(161.1±9.4)g/L,(27.3±6.5)μmol/L]降低,总铁结合力[(176.3±4.4)μmol/L]较对照组[(99.1±9.0)μmol/L]增加,游离T4,反T3[(19.45±1.97)pmol/L,(0.20±0.03)nmol/L]较对照组[(34.01±3.28)pmol/L,(0.32±0.06)nmol/L]降低,模型组大鼠TSH亦有明显增高[(3.11±1.52)vs(1.96±0.83)mU/L],两组间比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。饲养12周后,大鼠各项检测指标数据与6周时相似。结论此模型同时具有明显碘缺乏和铁缺乏特征,通过饮食控制大鼠碘铁摄入量可以成功制备典型的碘铁联合缺乏大鼠动物模型。
OBJECTIVE To establish a typical animal model of iodine deficiency in rats by controlling dietary iodine intake. Methods Weanling SD male rats were randomly divided into control group and model group according to body weight. Each group was fed with normal and iodine deficiency iron-deficient diet and drinking deionized water. After 6 weeks of feeding, the body weight and the observed developmental state were measured; the thyroid tissue was removed after sacrifice and weighed. Urinary iodine was determined by arsenic and cerium digestion in ammonium persulfate digestion, serum thyroid hormone was determined by chemiluminescence method, hemoglobin concentration, serum iron and total iron binding capacity were determined by biochemical methods. The remaining rats were treated the same 12 weeks later. Results After 6 weeks of feeding, the skin of rats in the model group was pale and the skin was rough and thin, the body weight was reduced and the weight of the thyroid gland was significantly increased. Urinary iodine level (22.5 μg / L) was significantly lower than that of the control group (163.8 μg / L) The levels of hemoglobin and iron in serum [(69.2 ± 7.4) g / L and (4.9 ± 1.4) umol / L] were significantly higher than those in the control group [(161.1 ± 9.4) g / L and (27.3 ± 6.5) μmol / L, and total iron binding capacity of (176.3 ± 4.4) μmol / L compared with control group (99.1 ± 9.0 μmol / L) ± 0.03) nmol / L compared with the control group [(34.01 ± 3.28) pmol / L, (0.32 ± 0.06) nmol / L] 0.83) mU / L], the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P <0.05). After feeding for 12 weeks, the data of rat test indicators were similar to those at 6 weeks. Conclusion This model has obvious characteristics of both iodine deficiency and iron deficiency. The animal model of typical iodine-iron deficient rats can be successfully prepared by diet-controlled iodine intake.