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目的研究前列腺干细胞抗原(PSCA)、前列腺特异性膜抗原(PSMA)和前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)在前列腺癌中的表达及三者之间的相关性,并探讨其临床意义。方法采用免疫组化二步法检测PSCA、PSMA在22例前列腺癌中的表达水平,采用化学发光免疫法测定血清PSA值。结果 PSCA、PSMA在前列腺癌中阳性表达率分别平均为81.82%和77.27%。血清PSA与PSCA表达水平之间呈正相关(r=0.395,p<0.05);血清PSA与PSMA表达水平之间呈正相关(r=0.341,p<0.05)。PSCA与PSMA表达水平之间呈正相关(r=0.432,p<0.05)。结论前列腺癌组织中:PSCA只表达于癌细胞的细胞浆中,周围正常前列腺组织中未见表达;PSMA在癌细胞的细胞膜和胞浆中有高表达。在相关性方面,PSCA、PSMA及PSA三者之间均呈正相关性,且均与前列腺癌诊断、预后有关,三者在前列腺癌的发生、发展中可能存在某种联系。
Objective To study the expression of prostatic stem cell antigen (PSCA), prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in prostate cancer and the correlation among them, and to explore its clinical significance. Methods The expression of PSCA and PSMA in 22 cases of prostate cancer was detected by immunohistochemical two-step method. The serum PSA was measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay. Results The positive rates of PSCA and PSMA in prostate cancer were 81.82% and 77.27% respectively. There was a positive correlation between serum PSA and PSCA expression (r = 0.395, p <0.05). There was a positive correlation between serum PSA and PSMA expression (r = 0.341, p <0.05). PSCA and PSMA expression was positively correlated (r = 0.432, p <0.05). Conclusions PSCA is only expressed in the cytoplasm of cancer cells in normal prostate tissue but not in normal prostate tissue. PSMA is highly expressed in the cell membrane and cytoplasm of cancer cells. Correlation, PSCA, PSMA and PSA between the three were positively correlated, and are related to the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer, the three may have some connection in the occurrence and development of prostate cancer.