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利用GPS信噪比(SNR)观测值监测土壤湿度变化可克服传统手段破坏观测对象、数据难以同化、时空分辨率受限等缺点,但同时也存在测量区域不明确、卫星与波段选择缺少相应依据、多径延迟相位与土壤湿度之间相关性的定量数值描述函数与模型亟待建立等问题。本文通过引入菲涅尔反射区域,结合仿真和实测土壤湿度数据、GPS观测值开展对比实验对上述问题进行研究。实验过程及结果表明,采用SNR观测值能有效跟踪土壤湿度的变化趋势,最大有效测量范围约45m,利用指数函数能较好地描述SNR多径延迟相位与土壤湿度之间的关系。同时,选择高级卫星和记录L2C观测值,有利于获得更准确的结果。
Monitoring the change of soil moisture by using the GPS signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) observation can overcome the shortcomings of traditional methods such as destroying the observed object, difficult to assimilate the data and limited spatial and temporal resolution. However, there are also some problems such as the uncertainty of the measurement area and the lack of corresponding choice of satellite and band , The quantitative numerical description of the correlation between multipath delay phase and soil moisture describes the function and model needs to be established. In this paper, the above problems are studied by introducing Fresnel reflection area, combining with simulation and measured soil moisture data and GPS observations to carry out comparative experiments. The experimental results and the results show that using SNR observations can effectively track the trend of soil moisture, the maximum effective measurement range of about 45m, the use of exponential function can better describe the relationship between SNR multipath delay phase and soil moisture. At the same time, selecting advanced satellites and recording L2C observations will help achieve more accurate results.