论文部分内容阅读
目的探讨伴与不伴学习困难(LD)的注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童内隐视觉空间注意的特点。方法选取2012年4月至2014年5月北京大学精神卫生研究所门诊符合美国《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第4版(DSM-Ⅳ)ADHD诊断标准儿童49例(伴LD 21例、不伴LD 28例);选取与其年龄、性别匹配的正常儿童21例。采用反映高度自动化的被动内隐视觉空间注意Pop-out视觉搜索任务比较3组反应时(RT)、正确率和个体内反应时标准差(ISD)。结果 (1)RT(左、右视野):ADHD伴LD组为[(746.1±135.0)ms、(740.9±139.5)ms]、ADHD不伴LD组为[(664.9±150.0)ms、(650.7±144.6)ms]、正常对照组为[(623.7±133.0)ms、(607.7±128.6)ms],均表现为对左视野目标反应慢于右视野(P均<0.05)。ADHD伴LD组RT[(743.5±137.3)ms]大于不伴LD组[(657.8±147.3)ms]以及正常儿童[(615.7±130.8)ms],差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。(2)正确率:3组正确率差异无统计学意义。(3)ISD:ADHD伴LD组[(240.4±72.2)ms]和ADHD不伴LD组[(203.9±72.8)ms]ISD均大于正常儿童[(163.4±62.6)ms],差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论伴与不伴LD的ADHD儿童注意力状态均不稳定,波动性增大,ADHD伴LD儿童加工速度缺陷比不伴LD者严重,提示伴LD的ADHD儿童视觉空间注意功能受损更严重。
Objective To explore the characteristics of implicit visual space in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with or without learning disability (LD). METHODS: From April 2012 to May 2014, 49 outpatients with Peking University Mental Health Institute (DSM-IV) ADHD diagnostic criteria were enrolled in this study. Forty-nine children (21 with LD without complication) LD 28 cases); select their age and gender matched normal children in 21 cases. Passive hidden visual space reflecting highly automated attention Pop-out visual search tasks were compared between three groups of RT, correctness rate and standard deviation of intra-individual reaction time (ISD). Results (1) RT (right and left visual field): ADHD with LD group was (746.1 ± 135.0) ms, (740.9 ± 139.5) ms, ADHD without LDL group was 664.9 ± 150.0 ms, 144.6) ms], and [(623.7 ± 133.0) ms, (607.7 ± 128.6) ms] in the normal control group, all of which showed slower response to the left visual field than the right visual field (all P <0.05). The RT of ADHD with LD group (743.5 ± 137.3 ms) was significantly higher than that without LDL group [(657.8 ± 147.3) ms) and normal children (615.7 ± 130.8 ms) (all P <0.05) . (2) correct rate: the correct rate of 3 groups no significant difference. (3) ISD: The ISD was significantly higher in the ADHD group than in the LD group [(240.4 ± 72.2) ms] and ADHD without the LD group (203.9 ± 72.8 ms) [ISD (163.4 ± 62.6) ms] Significance (P <0.05). Conclusions ADHD children with and without LD are not steady and have increased volatility. The processing speed of ADHD with LD is more severe than that without LD, suggesting that ADHD children with LD have more severe impairment of visual attention.