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空间产业最新潮的观点是按“小、快、好、省”的要求研制卫星姿态与轨道控制系统,特别是姿态敏感器。俄罗斯天体研究发展中心正在研究使太阳敏感器与地球敏感器成本降低、体积减小的先进方法与技术,其中一些有吸引力的技术是:*由硬件实现的图像形心估算法;*与硅平面工艺兼容的多像元红外辐射敏感器件制造工艺(14～16μm);*与硅平面工艺兼容的多像元可见光光敏器件制造工艺(非CCD,是Multiscan器件)。有了这些技术,就有可能把图像敏感器、信号调节单元、模数转换器以及信号处理单元集成到一块芯片上,从而大大提高参数稳定性和产品生产效率,使姿态敏感器价格明显降低,尺寸显著减小。因这种集成敏感芯片采用硅质材料,其工作原理保证器件在空间环境中具有长寿命、高可靠与稳定度。
The latest trend in the space industry is to develop satellite attitude and orbit control systems in accordance with the requirements of “small, fast, good and provincial”, especially attitude sensors. The Russian Center for Astrometry Research is studying advanced methods and techniques for reducing the cost and size of solar and earth sensors. Some of the attractive technologies are: * Image centroid estimation by hardware * Multi-pixel infrared radiation-sensitive device fabrication process compatible with planar processes (14-16 μm); Multi-pixel visible light device manufacturing process compatible with silicon planar processes (non-CCD, Multiscan devices). With these technologies, it is possible to integrate image sensors, signal conditioning units, analog-to-digital converters and signal processing units onto a single chip, greatly improving parameter stability and product productivity, significantly reducing the price of attitude sensors, The size is significantly reduced. Because this kind of integrated sensitive chip uses the silicon material, its working principle guarantees the long life, high reliability and stability of the device in the space environment.