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心脏型肌球蛋白结合蛋白C不仅是心肌粗肌丝的主要组成部分，还是参与调节心肌细胞收缩舒张功能的重要物质之一。过去几十年的研究主要集中在心脏型肌球蛋白结合蛋白基因突变致肥厚型心肌病，以及血清心脏型肌球蛋白结合蛋白水平在急性心肌梗死患者的诊断、判断预后作用。近年来对心脏型肌球蛋白结合蛋白C通过磷酸化来调节心肌舒张功能方面有了新进展，而且，多个研究又发现难治性终末期心力衰竭患者的心脏型肌球蛋白结合蛋白磷酸化水平显著降低。这表明心脏型肌球蛋白结合蛋白可能对于舒张功能不全为特征的射血分数保留心力衰竭的发生发展很重要。在这个情况下，现综述总结心脏型肌球蛋白结合蛋白结构和功能的最新研究进展，并对心脏型肌球蛋白结合蛋白与射血分数保留心力衰竭的关系进行简要综述。“,”Cardiac myosin binding protein C ( cMyBP-C) is not only the main part of cardiac thick filament,but a key regulator of car-diac contraction and diastolic function.Early studies have focused on gene variants in cMyBP-C with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and thevalue of serum cMyBP-C in the diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of patients with acute myocardial infarction.With the rapid development of medical molecular biology and genomics, studies show that cMyBP-C phosphorylation is directly linked to signaling of diastolic function.More research has found that level of cMyBP-C phosphorylation is significantly decreased during the end-stage heart failure,indicating that cMyBP-C plays an important role in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction( HFpEF).We discusss the latest progress in the structure,function and regulation of cMyBP-C.We also attempt to shed some light on the relationship between the cMyBP-C and HFpEF.