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目的 了解影响老年人生活质量的 6种疾病的现状与分布特点。 方法 通过随机、整群抽样 ,对北京、上海、广州、成都、西安、沈阳 6大城市城乡的 82 5 2名老年人的 6种疾病进行横断面调查。 结果 老年期前列腺增生、老年聋、老年性白内障、老年期骨关节病、骨折及老年性便秘患病率分别为 43.7%、33.7%、46 .8%、38.7%、13.3%、10 .9% ,其患病率均存在明显的地区差异 (均为 P<0 .0 1)。无论哪个地区 ,老年人上述 6种疾病的既往诊断率均低于现患率 (均为 P<0 .0 1) ,且农村低于城市 (均为 P<0 .0 1)。 结论 老年期前列腺增生、老年聋、老年性白内障、老年期骨关节病、骨折及老年性便秘患病率高 ,有明显的地区差异 ,其既往诊治率远低于实际患病率 ,老年人特别是农村老年人 6种疾病的防治工作有待加强。
Objective To understand the status and distribution characteristics of the six diseases that affect the quality of life of the elderly. METHODS: Randomized, cluster sampling was used to conduct cross-sectional surveys on 6 diseases of 825 elderly people in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Xi’an and Shenyang. Results The prevalence rates of benign prostatic hyperplasia, senile sputum, senile cataract, senile osteoarthrosis, fracture and senile constipation were 43.7%, 33.7%, 46.8%, 38.7%, 13.3%, and 10.9%, respectively. There are obvious regional differences in their prevalence (P < 0.01). Regardless of the region, the previous diagnostic rates of the above six diseases in the elderly were lower than the prevalence rate (all P 0.01), and rural areas were lower than urban areas (all P 0. 01). Conclusion The prevalence rate of benign prostatic hyperplasia, senile spasticity, senile cataract, osteoarthritis in the elderly, fractures and senile constipation are high. There are obvious regional differences. The rate of past diagnosis and treatment is far lower than the actual prevalence rate. It is the prevention and treatment of the six diseases of the rural elderly that need to be strengthened.