乳腺癌的手术发展经历了从局部切除术、乳腺癌根治术、扩大根治术、改良根治术到保乳手术等阶段[1],手术范围由小变大,再由大变小,使外科治疗模式从“可以耐受的最大治疗”转变到“最小有效治疗”[2]。腋窝手术分期也由腋窝淋巴结清扫逐渐演变为先行前哨淋巴结活检后再选择性地清扫腋窝淋巴结。随着乳腺癌早期诊断率的提高、辅助治疗 The surgical development of breast cancer has gone from partial resection, radical mastectomy, radical mastectomy, radical mastectomy to breast conserving surgery stage [1], the scope of surgery from small to large, and then from big to small, so that surgical treatment The mode shifts from “maximum tolerable treatment ” to “minimal effective treatment ”. Axillary surgery staging also gradually evolved from the axillary lymph node dissection to an antegrade sentinel lymph node biopsy followed by selective axillary lymph node dissection. With the early diagnosis of breast cancer rate, adjuvant therapy