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瘢痕(scar)是创伤愈合过程的必然产物。创伤愈合包括炎症期、增殖期和重塑期3个过程。从炎症期到增殖期,成纤维细胞(FB)、炎症细胞和小血管聚集并增生,同时FB合成细胞外基质(extracellar matrix,ECM),这些物质形成了肉芽组织。在伤口愈合后期,细胞和ECM减少,肉芽组织逐渐成为瘢痕。当创伤修复过程异常时,以FB为主的细胞增殖,活性增强, 以胶原为主的ECM成分大量沉积,发生真皮过度增生,出现病理性瘢痕,这就是增生性瘢痕(hypertrophlc scar,HS)或瘢痕
Scar is a necessary product of the wound healing process. Wound healing includes inflammation, proliferative and remodeling phases. From the inflammatory phase to the proliferative phase, fibroblasts (FBs), inflammatory cells and small blood vessels aggregate and proliferate, while FBs synthesize extracellar matrix (ECM), which form granulation tissue. In the later stages of wound healing, cells and ECM are reduced and granulation tissue gradually becomes scarred. When the process of wound healing is abnormal, FB-dominated cells proliferate and proliferate, and a large amount of collagen-dominated ECM components are deposited, resulting in dermal hyperplasia and pathological scar formation. These are hypertrophic scar (HS) or scar