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研究群落构建机制是群落生态学的一个重要目标,群落动态过程中的构建规律对于了解群落演替机理有重要的作用。该文以海南岛刀耕火种干扰后自然恢复的10 hm2热带低地雨林为研究对象,通过比较不同恢复阶段的次生林(15年、30年和60年)和老龄林在幼苗、幼树和成年树群落的物种组成,揭示次生演替过程中的群落构建规律。研究结果表明,老龄林中不同径级群落的物种多样性及不同径级间的物种相似度显著高于各恢复阶段的次生林,但优势种在群落中的比例低于各恢复阶段的次生林。随着自然恢复过程的进行,次生林群落物种组成与老龄林的相似性也逐渐增大,支持演替平衡理论。所有恢复阶段样地中幼苗的个体、物种丰富度和基于多度涵盖估计量(ACE)都低于幼树和成年树群落,幼苗层物种组成与幼树、成年树也有较大差异,说明新增到幼苗群落可能是一个难于预测的过程。研究结果说明了确定过程和随机过程共同决定了次生演替的群落构建。
Research community construction mechanism is an important objective of community ecology. The rules of community dynamics are important to understand the mechanism of community succession. In this paper, 10 hm2 tropical lowland rainforest, which was naturally restored after the slash-and-burn farming disturbance in Hainan Island, was selected as the research object. By comparing the secondary forest (15 years, 30 years and 60 years) Species composition, reveals the secondary succession of community building rules. The results showed that the species diversity of different diameter communities and the species similarity among different diameter classes were significantly higher in aged forest than those in secondary recovery stage, but the proportion of dominant species in the community was lower than that of secondary forest in each recovery stage. With the natural recovery process, the similarities of the secondary forest community species composition with the old forest are also gradually increasing, supporting the theory of succession balance. Individuals, species richness and estimated abundance based on abundance (ACE) of seedlings in all the restoration stages were lower than those of young and adult trees, and seedling species composition was also significantly different from young trees and adult trees, indicating that new Adding to the seedling community can be a difficult process to predict. The results of the study show that the determination process and the stochastic process together determine the secondary succession community structure.