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目的通过分析高盐膳食乘务员合理控盐前后对控盐知识的知晓率和合理控盐干预前后尿钠检测结果,评价合理控盐措施对机车乘务员高盐膳食行为过程中的作用以及效果。方法对在湘铁路某机务段乘务员高盐膳食者56人进行合理控盐干预,跟踪观察半年,对高盐膳食乘务员干预前后自身配对尿钠浓度进行检测,分析控盐措施实施效果。结果合理控盐干预前乘务员对控盐知识的知晓率为35.99%,干预后知晓率为57.42%,干预前后知识知晓率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。干预前高盐膳食56人8 h晨尿钠均值水平为(3.22±1.54)g,干预后均值水平为(2.75±1.43)g,合理控盐干预前后尿钠浓度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后有71.87%的人收缩压有所下降。结论采取合理控盐干预措施后,乘务员对控盐知识有了较高的认识,高盐膳食乘务员尿钠浓度明显降低,血压也得到有效控制,认为合理控盐干预能达到降低机车乘务员因钠盐摄入过高而加大高血压发病风险的目的。
Objective To evaluate the effects of reasonable salt control measures on high-salt dietary behaviors of locomotive flight attendants by analyzing the awareness rate of salt control knowledge before and after reasonable salt control and the urine sodium detection results before and after salt control interventions. Methods Sixty-six people with high-salt diet for flight attendants in a locomotive depot of Xiang-Xiang Railway were subjected to reasonable salt control intervention. After six months of follow-up observation, the urine sodium concentration before and after high-salt flight attendants intervention was detected, and the effect of salt control measures was analyzed. Results The rate of awareness of flight attendants was 35.99% before intervention of salt control and 57.42% after intervention. The difference of knowledge awareness before and after intervention was statistically significant (P <0.01). The average level of sodium in morning urine before the intervention was (3.22 ± 1.54) g in 56 patients with high salt diet and (2.75 ± 1.43) g after the intervention, the difference of urinary sodium concentration before and after the intervention was statistically significant (P < 0.05). After intervention, 71.87% of the people had systolic blood pressure decreased. Conclusion After taking reasonable control measures of salt control, flight attendants have a higher understanding of salt control knowledge. The concentration of urinary sodium in high-salt meal attendants is significantly reduced and blood pressure is also effectively controlled. It is considered that reasonable salt control intervention can reduce the risk of locomotive crew due to sodium salt High intake and increase the risk of hypertension the purpose.