尊重客观的民族“差异性”是民族平等的理性根据,也是多元文化保护、民族政策制定和国家建构的重要考量依据。但是,基于民族“差异性”认知的主观性,消极的认知直接影响着民族政策制定、地方政府行政以及个体对“差异性”的“越限”工具性利用,成为政治特权索求、经济利益索取、文化中心论的诱因,导致系列政治现象和民族问题。因此,民族“差异性”认知的限度制约着制度规范下相关机构和个体的行为限度,只有尊重文化差异,立足公民身份,坚守政治、法律、民族宽容的边界和底线,才能服务于长远的民族团结和国家政治稳定。 Respect for objective ethnicity “Difference” is the rational basis of ethnic equality and an important consideration basis for the protection of multiculturalism, the formulation of ethnic policies and the construction of the nation. However, based on the subjectivity and negative cognition of nationality, the negative cognition has a direct impact on the national policy making, the administration of local governments and the instrumental utilization of Become a political privilege claims, economic interests, cultural center of incentives, leading to a series of political phenomena and ethnic issues. Therefore, the limitation of nationality “difference ” cognition restricts the limits of behavior of relevant agencies and individuals under the institutional norms. Only by respecting cultural differences, based on citizenship, adherence to the boundary and bottom line of politics, law and national tolerance can we serve Long-term national unity and national political stability.