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介绍了新型低成本纳米氧化物染料敏化太阳能电池的优势特点及基本原理。纳米氧化物材料在染料敏化太阳能电池的光阳极和电解质中有着特殊的应用,在电池中起到了非常关键的作用。围绕电池中光阳极和电解质所用的纳米氧化物材料,结合清华大学科研实例,综述了光阳极用纳米氧化物的制备方法及性能,分析了电子传递和复合对电池性能的影响,以及纳米材料的包覆对减少电子复合的作用,指出一维纳米氧化物材料可以形成光阳极中的电荷通道。对于低温纳米氧化物薄膜成膜方法及其在柔性太阳能电池中的应用也做了详细评述。另外,还介绍了纳米氧化物在准固态太阳能电池中的应用。
The advantages and basic principles of the new low-cost nano-oxide dye-sensitized solar cell are introduced. Nanometer oxide materials in the dye-sensitized solar cells in the anode and electrolyte have a special application, plays a very crucial role in the battery. Based on the nano-oxide materials used in photoanodes and electrolytes in batteries and the research examples of Tsinghua University, the preparation methods and properties of nanostructures for photoanodes were reviewed. The effects of electron transfer and recombination on cell performance were also analyzed. The effect of the coating on reducing the electron recombination indicates that one-dimensional nano-oxide materials can form charge channels in the photoanode. For low temperature nano-oxide film deposition method and its application in flexible solar cells also made a detailed review. In addition, the application of nano-oxide in quasi-solid solar cells is also introduced.