目的:比较城市地区在业者与不在业者门诊、住院支出及影响因素;测算发生灾难性医疗支出的比例;并为有关部门制定政策提供依据。方法:利用2003年第三次国家卫生服务调查数据,分析和比较城市地区在业和不在业居民的医疗服务支出。结果:与在业者相比,不在业者疾病经济负担较重,发生灾难性医疗支出的概率较高。 OBJECTIVE: To compare outpatient and inpatient outpatient and inpatient costs and their influencing factors in urban areas; to estimate the proportion of catastrophic medical expenditures; and to provide the basis for the formulation of policies by relevant departments. Methods: Based on the third national survey on health services in 2003, we analyzed and compared the expenditure on medical services for both employed and unemployed residents in urban areas. Results: The unemployed were more economically afflicted than their counterparts and the probability of catastrophic medical expenditures was high.