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【Abstract】The present overall situation of effectiveness of ideological and political theory courses teaching in colleges and universities is more optimistic. However， in the course of teaching， there are still many outstanding problems. The factors that affect the effectiveness of ideological and political theory teaching include social environment， teaching model， teachers’ team and also affected by the students themselves. Therefor， In order to improve the effectiveness of ideological and political theory course education and teaching， we should purify the social environment， innovate teaching methods， strengthen the contingent of teachers and students’ self importance.
【Key words】ideological and political theory courses； effectiveness of teaching； countermeasures.
1. Introduction
From december 7， 2016 to 8 at the national conference on ideological and political work in colleges and universities， Comrade Xi Jinping stressed “In the whole process of ideological and political work， ideological and political workers should make full use of the main channel of ideological and political theory course. Through ideological and political theory course， we should systematically educate the college students on the theory of Marxism， so as to enhance the effectiveness of ideological and political theory education in colleges and universities”.
2. The meaning of the effectiveness of ideological and political theory course
The effectiveness of ideological and political theory teaching refers to the teachers of ideological and political theory courses in the teaching， according to the requirement of social development， using the education of Marxism for the students， in order to achieve the comprehensive development of students’ moral and enhance the effect of students’ practical ability. The purpose is to college students through learning basic knowledge of Marxism in ideological and political theory course in the teaching process， and grasping the method of Marxism to analyze and solve problems， so that students can put the Marx theory into a guide to action， to understand and transform the world.
3. The present situation of effectiveness of ideological and political theory courses teaching
3.1 The positive performance of effectiveness of ideological and political theory courses teaching
1） The scientific nature of ideological and political theory courses promote active recognition of college students. The course of ideological and political theory in colleges and universities is authoritative and political. The students in college realize that ideological and political theory course has great importance to their growth， therefore， they accept and even expect to receive the education of Marxism. 2） College students grew up in the course of ideological and political theory. Through the study of scientific theories， college students have correctly guided and corrected their values in the course of teaching， meanwhile， through the guidance of ideological and political teachers， students form a positive and optimistic attitude， and have learned to work hard， to be kind and tolerant， to serve and contribute to society.
3） College students can use ideological and political theory to guide practice. Through the study of ideological and political theory courses， college students can use theoretical knowledge more scientifically and rationally to analyze and solve problems so as to set up a correct outlook on life， world， and values.
3.2 The negative expression of effectiveness of ideological and political theory courses teaching
1） Some college students have vague learning goals. Most of the ideological and political theories are based on theory， so many college students take the ideological and political theory class as a hypnosis class.The teacher reminded the teaching focus in order to let the students pay attention to it， but they know nothing about the aims of the course， the purpose for those students in this course only just to pass the exam and to graduate successfully.
2） Some students are not active in the learning process. Students absorb knowledge mechanically during the course of teaching， the enthusiasm of active learning is not high， in class they often do other things， such as playing cell phones and doing homework in other subjects. The attitude of learning the ideological and political theory course is indifferent， they just waiting for the teacher to announce the answer， the interest and motivation of learning is far lower than other specialized courses.
3） The learning effect of students is not obvious. In order to cope with the final exam， the students even start to preview and review the content of ideological and political theory before the exam a few days， the effect of internalization has not really been realized. It leads to lack of systematic grasp of knowledge for college Students， they don’t know how to analyze the problem comprehensively by using the basic point of view in the book.
4. Analysis of the actual situation of the effectiveness of ideological and political theory course
4.1 Tracing the reasons from the social environmental factors. With the development of economic globalization， the spread of information is fast， involving a wide range， our traditional culture and values are easily affected under the impact of various social trends without refining. In the face of unhealthy， radical information and opinions， it is hard for college students to resist temptation or even go astray. 4.2 Looking for reasons from the traditional teaching mode. The mechanical teaching methods affect the overall quality of students， and it is not conducive to the development of students’ creative potential， detrimental to the students’ ideological level and the improving of thinking ability. In traditional teaching mode， the content of ideological and political theory course is out of date and touching with reality， it can not attract the attention of students， lacking of time and development.
4.3 Explore the reasons from the teaching staff. The teachers in colleges of ideological and political theory are not standard， when the school recruits substitute teachers， the condition will be lowered compared with formal teachers， which will directly affect the teaching effect. Besides， some old teachers are reluctant to accept new ideas， and insist on a conservative teaching model， while young teachers who have just entered the teaching work are obviously immature in their teaching experience.
4.4 Analyze the reasons from the university students themselves. At present， most students attach little importance to the humanities and social sciences， especially the ideological and political theory courses， lacking of political acumen and enthusiasm for learning， felling powerless when facing these “boring” theory or even rebellious. Students are not interested in the content of the ideological and political theory course， so there is no real action to take the initiative to accept these knowledge.
5. Countermeasures of improving the effectiveness of ideological and political theory course
5.1 Purifying the teaching environment of ideological and political theory course. Facing all kinds of influences of ideological trends and complex environmental in society， colleges and universities should pay attention to the construction of ideological and political theory course， and creating a harmonious teaching environment. The Central Propaganda Department， the Ministry of education should further strengthen the supervision and guidance of ideological and political theory course. The whole society should concerned about the growth of college students， creating a good harmonious social environment for their growth， so as to more effectively supporting the ideological and political theory course construction and development.
5.2 Innovate the teaching method of ideological and political theory course. Comrade Deng Xiaoping pointed out that “In studying Marxism-Leninism we must grasp the essence and learn what we need to know”. According to the characteristics of students of different grades， different majors and different levels， carrying out teaching in a targeted way， teachers can combine the knowledge with the social hot topics and the topics that the students are interested in， through the teacher teaching， group discussions and teacher-student interaction model， to explain the knowledge to students， realizing the unification of externalization and internalization of knowledge. 5.3 Strengthen the construction of teaching staff. ideological and political theory teachers are the workers of ideological and political education， and they are also the propagators of Marxism. To give students a bowl of water， the teacher must not only have a bucket of water， or even a stream of source water. The teachers of ideological and political theory should be good at their professional knowledge and have a wide range of knowledge. On the other hand， education authorities and schools should create opportunities for teachers to improve their academic qualifications and strengthen academic exchanges， improving the overall quality of teachers.
5.4 Students attach importance to ideological and political theory course consciously. The key to achieve the purpose is that students learn knowledge consciously， accepted the ideological and political theory course by themselves， having interest in learning and enthusiasm. Students will accept the education of this course only when they realize the status and function of ideological and political theory course， then they will strengthen theoretical study， being a part of the teaching actively， realizing the improvement of ideological and moral quality， achieving the effect of ideological and political theory course.
References：
[1]Xi Jin-ping stressed that ideological and political work runs through the whole process of education and teaching，to open up a new situation in the development of higher education at the national conference on ideological and political work in colleges and universities[N].the People’s Daily，2016-12-09（01）.
[2]DENG Xiao-ping.Selected works of Deng Xiaoping（third volumes）[M].Beijing：People’s Publishing House，1993.382.
【基金項目】西华师范大学2016年度研究生院级课题，编号：xhmks1616。
作者简介：胡容（1993-），女，四川宜宾人，西华师范大学马克思主义学院在读硕士，研究方向为思想政治教育。
【Key words】ideological and political theory courses； effectiveness of teaching； countermeasures.
1. Introduction
From december 7， 2016 to 8 at the national conference on ideological and political work in colleges and universities， Comrade Xi Jinping stressed “In the whole process of ideological and political work， ideological and political workers should make full use of the main channel of ideological and political theory course. Through ideological and political theory course， we should systematically educate the college students on the theory of Marxism， so as to enhance the effectiveness of ideological and political theory education in colleges and universities”.
2. The meaning of the effectiveness of ideological and political theory course
The effectiveness of ideological and political theory teaching refers to the teachers of ideological and political theory courses in the teaching， according to the requirement of social development， using the education of Marxism for the students， in order to achieve the comprehensive development of students’ moral and enhance the effect of students’ practical ability. The purpose is to college students through learning basic knowledge of Marxism in ideological and political theory course in the teaching process， and grasping the method of Marxism to analyze and solve problems， so that students can put the Marx theory into a guide to action， to understand and transform the world.
3. The present situation of effectiveness of ideological and political theory courses teaching
3.1 The positive performance of effectiveness of ideological and political theory courses teaching
1） The scientific nature of ideological and political theory courses promote active recognition of college students. The course of ideological and political theory in colleges and universities is authoritative and political. The students in college realize that ideological and political theory course has great importance to their growth， therefore， they accept and even expect to receive the education of Marxism. 2） College students grew up in the course of ideological and political theory. Through the study of scientific theories， college students have correctly guided and corrected their values in the course of teaching， meanwhile， through the guidance of ideological and political teachers， students form a positive and optimistic attitude， and have learned to work hard， to be kind and tolerant， to serve and contribute to society.
3） College students can use ideological and political theory to guide practice. Through the study of ideological and political theory courses， college students can use theoretical knowledge more scientifically and rationally to analyze and solve problems so as to set up a correct outlook on life， world， and values.
3.2 The negative expression of effectiveness of ideological and political theory courses teaching
1） Some college students have vague learning goals. Most of the ideological and political theories are based on theory， so many college students take the ideological and political theory class as a hypnosis class.The teacher reminded the teaching focus in order to let the students pay attention to it， but they know nothing about the aims of the course， the purpose for those students in this course only just to pass the exam and to graduate successfully.
2） Some students are not active in the learning process. Students absorb knowledge mechanically during the course of teaching， the enthusiasm of active learning is not high， in class they often do other things， such as playing cell phones and doing homework in other subjects. The attitude of learning the ideological and political theory course is indifferent， they just waiting for the teacher to announce the answer， the interest and motivation of learning is far lower than other specialized courses.
3） The learning effect of students is not obvious. In order to cope with the final exam， the students even start to preview and review the content of ideological and political theory before the exam a few days， the effect of internalization has not really been realized. It leads to lack of systematic grasp of knowledge for college Students， they don’t know how to analyze the problem comprehensively by using the basic point of view in the book.
4. Analysis of the actual situation of the effectiveness of ideological and political theory course
4.1 Tracing the reasons from the social environmental factors. With the development of economic globalization， the spread of information is fast， involving a wide range， our traditional culture and values are easily affected under the impact of various social trends without refining. In the face of unhealthy， radical information and opinions， it is hard for college students to resist temptation or even go astray. 4.2 Looking for reasons from the traditional teaching mode. The mechanical teaching methods affect the overall quality of students， and it is not conducive to the development of students’ creative potential， detrimental to the students’ ideological level and the improving of thinking ability. In traditional teaching mode， the content of ideological and political theory course is out of date and touching with reality， it can not attract the attention of students， lacking of time and development.
4.3 Explore the reasons from the teaching staff. The teachers in colleges of ideological and political theory are not standard， when the school recruits substitute teachers， the condition will be lowered compared with formal teachers， which will directly affect the teaching effect. Besides， some old teachers are reluctant to accept new ideas， and insist on a conservative teaching model， while young teachers who have just entered the teaching work are obviously immature in their teaching experience.
4.4 Analyze the reasons from the university students themselves. At present， most students attach little importance to the humanities and social sciences， especially the ideological and political theory courses， lacking of political acumen and enthusiasm for learning， felling powerless when facing these “boring” theory or even rebellious. Students are not interested in the content of the ideological and political theory course， so there is no real action to take the initiative to accept these knowledge.
5. Countermeasures of improving the effectiveness of ideological and political theory course
5.1 Purifying the teaching environment of ideological and political theory course. Facing all kinds of influences of ideological trends and complex environmental in society， colleges and universities should pay attention to the construction of ideological and political theory course， and creating a harmonious teaching environment. The Central Propaganda Department， the Ministry of education should further strengthen the supervision and guidance of ideological and political theory course. The whole society should concerned about the growth of college students， creating a good harmonious social environment for their growth， so as to more effectively supporting the ideological and political theory course construction and development.
5.2 Innovate the teaching method of ideological and political theory course. Comrade Deng Xiaoping pointed out that “In studying Marxism-Leninism we must grasp the essence and learn what we need to know”. According to the characteristics of students of different grades， different majors and different levels， carrying out teaching in a targeted way， teachers can combine the knowledge with the social hot topics and the topics that the students are interested in， through the teacher teaching， group discussions and teacher-student interaction model， to explain the knowledge to students， realizing the unification of externalization and internalization of knowledge. 5.3 Strengthen the construction of teaching staff. ideological and political theory teachers are the workers of ideological and political education， and they are also the propagators of Marxism. To give students a bowl of water， the teacher must not only have a bucket of water， or even a stream of source water. The teachers of ideological and political theory should be good at their professional knowledge and have a wide range of knowledge. On the other hand， education authorities and schools should create opportunities for teachers to improve their academic qualifications and strengthen academic exchanges， improving the overall quality of teachers.
5.4 Students attach importance to ideological and political theory course consciously. The key to achieve the purpose is that students learn knowledge consciously， accepted the ideological and political theory course by themselves， having interest in learning and enthusiasm. Students will accept the education of this course only when they realize the status and function of ideological and political theory course， then they will strengthen theoretical study， being a part of the teaching actively， realizing the improvement of ideological and moral quality， achieving the effect of ideological and political theory course.
References：
[1]Xi Jin-ping stressed that ideological and political work runs through the whole process of education and teaching，to open up a new situation in the development of higher education at the national conference on ideological and political work in colleges and universities[N].the People’s Daily，2016-12-09（01）.
[2]DENG Xiao-ping.Selected works of Deng Xiaoping（third volumes）[M].Beijing：People’s Publishing House，1993.382.
【基金項目】西华师范大学2016年度研究生院级课题，编号：xhmks1616。
作者简介：胡容（1993-），女，四川宜宾人，西华师范大学马克思主义学院在读硕士，研究方向为思想政治教育。