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目的探讨海兔素(Aplysin)对高铁暴露大鼠脂质代谢和肠黏膜损伤的保护作用。方法 48只Wistar雄性大鼠随机分为4组,正常对照组(基础饲料,铁含量50mg/kg)、模型组(高铁饲料,铁含量1 000mg/kg)、海兔素对照组(基础饲料+海兔素灌胃150mg/kg)、海兔素+高铁组(高铁饲料+海兔素灌胃150mg/kg),实验周期为12周。HE染色观察小肠组织形态结构;测定血清铁、肝组织铁、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、二胺氧化酶(DAO)、D-乳酸(D-LA)、肠脂肪酸结合蛋白(FABP2)等含量;荧光实时定量PCR检测各组大鼠粪便中典型菌群数量。结果模型组大鼠肠绒毛和腺体均明显受损,大量黏膜上皮细胞脱落,肠绒毛出血、水肿,长期海兔素干预后得到显著改善。海兔素+高铁组大鼠血清铁、肝组织铁含量分别为(30.77±2.57)μmol·L-1、(24.31±1.55)μg·g-1,较模型组显著降低(P<0.05)。与模型组相比,海兔素+高铁组大鼠血清TG、LDL-C水平显著降低,血浆D-LA、FABP2水平显著降低,粪便大肠杆菌数量显著降低,双歧杆菌和柔嫩梭菌数量显著升高(P<0.05)。而海兔素对照组大鼠所测各指标与正常对照组均无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论海兔素对高铁暴露所致大鼠脂质代谢紊乱和小肠黏膜损伤具有良好的调节和保护作用。
Objective To investigate the protective effect of Aplysin on lipid metabolism and intestinal mucosal injury in rats exposed to high-speed rail. Methods Forty - eight Wistar male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal control group (basal diet, iron content 50 mg / kg), model group (high iron diet, iron content 1000 mg / kg) Sea-rabbit intragastric administration of 150mg / kg), sea rabbit + high-iron group (high-speed rail feed + sea rabbit intragastric administration of 150mg / kg), the experimental period of 12 weeks. The histomorphology of small intestine was observed by HE staining. The changes of iron, liver tissue iron, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), diamine oxidase (DAO) D-LA, FABP2 and so on. Fluorescence quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the number of typical bacteria in the feces of each group. Results The intestinal villi and glands of rats in model group were obviously damaged, many mucosal epithelial cells were shed, intestinal villus haemorrhage, edema were significantly improved after long-term high-speed sea-rabbit intervention. The contents of iron in liver and iron in sea-rabbit + high-iron group were (30.77 ± 2.57) μmol·L-1 and (24.31 ± 1.55) μg · g-1, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in model group (P <0.05). Compared with the model group, the serum TG and LDL-C levels in the sea-rabbit + high-iron group were significantly decreased, the levels of plasma D-LA and FABP2 were significantly decreased, the number of stool Escherichia coli was significantly reduced, and the number of Bifidobacterium and Clostridium difficile was significantly Increased (P <0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the control group and the control group (P> 0.05). Conclusion The sea rabbit in the high-speed iron exposure rat lipid metabolism disorders and intestinal mucosal injury with good regulation and protection.