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颅内动脉粥样硬化性狭窄是引起缺血性脑卒中的重要病因之一,亚洲人、西班牙人及黑人的发病率高于白种人。目前没有证据支持对此类患者行抗凝治疗,抗血小板治疗仍是推荐的疗法。近年来,血管成型术和支架植入术因较高的技术成功率和较低的围手术期并发症而逐渐成了药物治疗的替代疗法,而其远期收益尚未确定。本文就颅内动脉粥样硬化性狭窄的流行病学特征、药物治疗的效果及颅内支架植入术的进展和再狭窄情况进行综述。
Intracranial atherosclerosis is one of the important causes of ischemic stroke. The incidence of Asian, Hispanic and Negro is higher than Caucasians. There is currently no evidence to support anticoagulant therapy for such patients and antiplatelet therapy is still the recommended therapy. In recent years, angioplasty and stenting have gradually become alternative therapies for medical treatment because of their high technical success rate and low perioperative complications, and their long-term benefits have not yet been established. This article reviews the epidemiological characteristics of intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis, the effects of drug therapy and the progress of intracranial stenting and restenosis.