一、国外铁路科学技术发展趋势国外铁路的技术进步集中体现在重载、高速和信息技术在运输组织、经营管理等方面的应用。 1.发展重载运输,大幅度提高列车重量,是世界各国铁路货物运输,尤其是大宗货运的主要趋势。疆域辽阔的发达国家和发展中国家尤为明显。基于不同的运营条件,目前重载运输可分为两种基本类型:货运型(无客运或客运量很少)线路上的重载列车;客货混运线路 First, the development trend of foreign railway science and technology The technological progress of foreign railway concentrated in the heavy load, high speed and information technology in the transport organization, management and other aspects of the application. 1. Developing heavy-haul transport and substantially increasing the weight of trains are major trends in the freight transport of goods across the world, especially bulk freight transport. The vast territory of developed and developing countries is particularly evident. Based on different operating conditions, there are currently two basic types of heavy haulage: heavy haul trains on freight lines (passengerless or passenger-less); mixed passenger and freight lines