本组病例中急性器官功能衰竭及单项危重症836例(81.1%).共死亡153例(14.8%).1/5以上患儿进行了机械通气治疗,病死率为38.3%.主要原发病居前10位危重疾患的为肺炎、心脏病、颅内感染、婴幼儿腹泻、格林巴利综合征、颅内出血、出血性肠炎、抽搐、中毒及大手术后.文章提出了进入PICU 的相时标准.指出降低机械通气患儿病死率、MSOF 患儿及婴儿肺炎呼衰患儿病死率是改善危重病儿预后的几个关键,并分别提出主要预防和处理措施. A total of 836 cases (81.1%) of acute organ failure and single critically ill patients were treated in this study, and 153 cases (14.8%) died of mechanical ventilation.Among them, the rate of death was 38.3% The top 10 most critically ill patients were pneumonia, heart disease, intracranial infection, infant diarrhea, Guillain-Barre syndrome, intracranial hemorrhage, haemorrhagic colitis, convulsions, poisoning and major surgery. The paper points out that reducing mortality in children with mechanical ventilation and mortality in MSOF children and infant pneumonia is the key to improve the prognosis of critically ill children and propose the main prevention and treatment measures respectively.