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目的了解高龄老人身体健康、经济状况、家庭和社会保障、日常生活能力、医疗服务的需求以及可及性,以便对社区高龄老人的综合健康质量作出正确评估。方法调查上海市闸北区共和新路街道柳营、延新、1100弄、三阳四个社区点全部90岁以上高龄老人,有效问卷78份。结果高龄老人慢性病患病率为71.8%,以高血压、冠心病为主,有41.1%的高龄老人生活能力处于半自理和完全不能自理的状态,享有医保老人占52.6%,有64.1%的老人月经济收入低于1000元,觉得就医不方便的有35.9%。结论闸北区高龄老人经济收入偏低,总体生活满意度不高,社会保障不完善,就医的可及性存在一定问题,尤其是就医的方便程度和医疗费用的负担能力。所以有必要针对不同情况采取不同的社区干预措施,以提高老年人综合健康水平。
Objectives To understand the physical health, economic status, family and social security, daily living ability, medical service needs and accessibility of elderly people in order to make a correct assessment of the comprehensive health quality of the elderly in the community. Methods A total of 78 elderly people over the age of 90 were surveyed in four communities of Gongying New Road, Yan’an, Yanxin, 1100 and Sanyang, Zhabei District, Shanghai. Results The prevalence of chronic diseases among the elderly was 71.8%. The prevalence of hypertension and coronary heart disease was 41.1%. The living conditions of 41.1% of the elderly were semi-self-contained and completely unable to take care of themselves. 52.6% of the elderly enjoyed medical insurance and 64.1% of the elderly Monthly economic income of less than 1,000 yuan, that medical inconvenience 35.9%. Conclusion The economic income of the elderly in Zhabei District is low, the overall life satisfaction is not high, the social security is imperfect, and the availability of medical treatment has some problems, especially the convenience of medical treatment and affordability of medical expenses. Therefore, it is necessary to take different community interventions in different situations to improve the comprehensive health of the elderly.