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以采自北京的2个葡萄品种为材料,对插条内真菌的种类进行了检验,探索了通过热处理脱除插条中潜在病原真菌的方法,观察统计了不同温度和持续时间的水浴热处理对插条萌芽生根的影响。结果表明:从处于生理休眠期和环境休眠期的2个葡萄品种的4份插条样品中均检出了葡萄座腔菌属和链格孢属真菌,其他检出的主要真菌还包括:镰刀菌属和胶孢炭疽菌属真菌等。对葡萄插条进行40℃水浴0.5~5.0h,不能达到脱菌的效果,60℃水浴0.5h则会使葡萄插条的萌芽率降为0,50℃水浴,时间持续0.5~5.0h均能将插条内的真菌完全脱除,这个处理条件对处于生理休眠期的插条,还具有明显提高萌芽率和生根率的作用,有利于冬季和早春葡萄提早育苗。研究结果为脱除葡萄插条中的潜在病原真菌,保证葡萄苗木起始材料的卫生健康,提供了可行的方法。
Taking two grape varieties collected from Beijing as materials, the species of fungi in the cuttings was tested, and the method of removing latent pathogenic fungi in the cuttings by heat treatment was explored. The effects of heat treatment on water bath at different temperatures and durations were observed Influence of Cuttings Germination. The results showed that all the fungi of the genera Saussurea and Alternaria were detected from the four cuttings of two grape cultivars in the physiological dormancy period and the environmental dormancy period. Other major fungi detected included the sickle Strain and Colletotrichum species fungi and so on. Grape cuttings at 40 ℃ water bath 0.5 ~ 5.0h, can not achieve the effect of sterilization, 60 ℃ water bath 0.5h will cut the buds of grape cuttings at 0,50 ℃ water bath, the duration of 0.5 ~ 5.0h can Completely remove the fungus inside the cuttings. This treatment condition has the effect of obviously increasing the germination rate and the rooting rate for the cuttings in the physiological dormancy period, and is favorable for the early seedling raising of the grapes in winter and early spring. The results provided a feasible method for removing potential pathogenic fungi in grape cuttings and ensuring hygienic health of grape seedling starting materials.