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日语动词的分类有多种。按照活用可分为一段动词(可进一步细分为上一段动词和下一段动词),五段动词,サ变动词和カ变动词。按意义可分为动作动词,状态动词,存在动词,可能动词,敬语动词。按性质可分为自动词,他动词。其中,日语学习者对于自动词和他动词的区别使用掌握相对较差。特别是自他成对动词,由于形式上极其相近往往会导致误用。以下本文就以自他成对的动词为中心考察和总结它们在使用过程中的区别,期望能够给予日语学习者以参考。
There are many types of Japanese verbs. According to the use can be divided into a period of verbs (further subdivided into the previous paragraph of the verb and the next paragraph of the verb), five verbs, サ variable and grades variable verb. According to the meaning can be divided into action verbs, state verbs, existing verbs, possible verbs, honorific verbs. By nature can be divided into automatic words, his verbs. Among them, Japanese learners have a relatively poor grasp of the differences between automatic verbs and his verbs. Especially since he is a pair of verbs, often extremely misleading because of their very similar forms. The following article examines and summarizes the differences between them in the process of using the pair of verbs as their center, and hopes to give the Japanese learners a reference.