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耶氏肺孢子菌(Pneumocystis jirovecii,Pj)是引起肺孢子菌肺炎(Pneumocystis pneumonia,PCP)的真菌类病原体,是免疫功能缺陷者重要的条件致病菌。Pj通过主要表面糖蛋白(Major surface glycoprotein,Msg)的抗原转换,逃避宿主免疫清除。MsgA,MsgB,MsgC1以及MsgC1的3个变种MsgC3,MsgC8和MsgC9是三组跨越Msg基因全长的原核表达重组肽段。对健康人群调查发现,84%的个体抗MsgA、MsgB或MsgC1 IgG抗体阳性。与健康对照相比,HIV感染者抗MsgC1 IgG抗体水平明显增高,而抗MsgA、MsgB IgG抗体水平没有变化。与非暴露组相比,职业暴露组医务人员的抗MsgC1 IgG抗体水平也明显增高,而抗MsgA、MsgB IgG抗体水平没有变化。因此,MsgC1抗体水平增高可以作为近期暴露过Pj的指标,对免疫缺陷者具有辅助诊断PCP的临床意义。Pj血清学研究的发展将会带来更大的PCP临床诊断和流行病学调查价值。
Pneumocystis jirovecii (Pj) is a fungal pathogen that causes Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) and is an important opportunistic pathogen of immunocompromised patients. Pj escapes host immune clearance by antigen transduction of the major surface glycoprotein (Msg). Three variants of MsgA, MsgB, MsgC1 and MsgC1 MsgC3, MsgC8 and MsgC9 are three groups of prokaryotic recombinant recombinant peptides spanning the full length of Msg gene. A survey of healthy subjects found that 84% of individuals were positive for MsgA, MsgB or MsgC1 IgG antibodies. Compared with healthy controls, HIV-infected patients had significantly higher levels of anti-MsgC1 IgG antibody, while MsgA, MsgB IgG antibody levels did not change. Compared with the non-exposed group, the occupational exposure group medical staff anti-MsgC1 IgG antibody levels were significantly increased, and anti-MsgA, MsgB IgG antibody levels did not change. Therefore, MsgC1 antibody levels can be used as an indicator of recent exposure of Pj, immunodeficiency have a clinical diagnosis of PCP. The development of Pj serological research will bring greater value of clinical diagnosis and epidemiological investigation of PCP.