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顶板事故是指在地下采煤过程中,顶板意外冒落造成的人员伤亡、设备损坏等生产安全事故。顶板事故是煤矿生产的五大主要灾害之一。虽然一般来说顶板事故每次死亡的人数要比瓦斯、水害、火灾等造成的死亡人数少,但其事故频率高,死亡总人数多年靠前。近年来,各产煤地区和煤矿企业不断加强顶板管理工作,取得了一定成效,煤矿顶板事故总量逐年下降。但是,一些煤矿特别是小煤矿仍然存在采掘机械化程度低、支护方式落后、支护设计不合理、违章空顶作业等突出问题。
Roof accident refers to the underground coal mining process, roof accidental fall caused by casualties, equipment damage and other production safety accidents. Roof accident is one of the five major disasters in coal mine production. Although the number of deaths caused by roof accidents is generally less than that caused by gas, water damage and fires, the frequency of accidents is high and the total number of deaths has been on the rise for many years. In recent years, coal producing areas and coal mining companies continue to strengthen roof management, and achieved some success, the total number of coal mine roof accidents declining year by year. However, some coal mines, especially small coal mines, still have some outstanding problems such as low degree of mechanization of mining, backward support methods, unreasonable support design and illegal top-flight operations.