“所有”和“凡”这两个词在逻辑学中被看作是全称量词的语言表达形式,一般的逻辑学著作都把它们视同一律,不加区别。那么,这两个表达式是不是就如传统所认为的完全一致,没有差别呢?本文正是试图从语言事实出发来探讨这个问题。当然,这两个表达式是有共同点的。 (1)从逻辑意义上看,“所有”和“凡”都指称一定范围内的全部分子,“所有S是P”和“凡S是P”都可以用一阶谓词逻辑刻画为: The terms “all” and “where” are regarded in logic as the linguistic expressions of fully quantified words, and the general works of logic treat them all as one and the same, without distinction. So, these two expressions is not exactly as the traditional consensus, there is no difference? This article is trying to proceed from the language to explore this issue. Of course, these two expressions have something in common. (1) In a logical sense, “all” and “where” refer to all the numerators within a certain range. “All S is P” and “Where S is P” can all be described by first-order predicate logic as: