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科学研究如何分类为宜,目前还没有一个明确的统一的规定。联合国科学顾问奥什教授提出的科学研究分类方法,是把科学研究划分为自由理论研究(纯粹研究)、定向基础研究、应用研究和研制。其他国家,如美国,则分为基础研究、应用研究和发展研究。在苏联,有人把科学研究分为探索性研究、理论研究和实验工作。也有人把科学研究工作分成基础研究、探索性研究、设计前研究和勘查性研究。我们国内对科学研究有几种分类方法,一种分法为基础科学研究、技术科学研究和应用研究;再一种分法是基础研究、应用基础研究、应用研究和推广研究;第三种分法是基础研究、应用研究和发展研制;第四种分法是只分两大类,即基础研究和应用研究。
How scientific classification is appropriate, there is no clear uniform provisions. The classification of scientific research put forward by Professor Osh, a consultant of the United Nations, is a division of scientific research into free theoretical research (pure research), directional basic research, applied research and development. Other countries, such as the United States, are divided into basic research, applied research and development research. In the Soviet Union, some people divided scientific research into exploratory research, theoretical research and experimental work. Some people also divide scientific research into basic research, exploratory research, pre-design research and exploration research. In our country, there are several classification methods for scientific research. One is the basic science research, the technical science research and the applied research. The second is the basic research, applied basic research, applied research and extension research. The third Law is the basic research, applied research and development of development; the fourth method is only divided into two categories, namely, basic research and applied research.