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河流是连接海洋和陆地两大碳库的纽带,其碳通量是全球碳循环的重要环节。本文以《中国河流泥沙公报》的数据为基础,就中国河流入海颗粒态碳通量及其变化特征进行分析。结果表明:1965-2005年,中国河流入海颗粒态碳通量平均为29.57 TgC.yr-1,占河流入海碳通量的42%,其中有机碳占36.02%,无机碳占63.98%,长江、黄河和珠江的颗粒态碳通量占全国河流入海颗粒态碳通量的96.25%。从2003年开始,河流入海颗粒态碳通量呈逐年递减的趋势,但颗粒态有机碳通量在河流入海颗粒态碳通量中所占的比重有所提高。2009年,全国通过河流泥沙输送到海洋中的碳仅为6.59 TgC,为1965-2005年平均输碳量的22.3%。由此可见,颗粒态碳通量在河流碳通量中占有不可忽视的地位,为了准确评估中国河流及陆地生态系统的碳收支,应对颗粒态碳通量进行细致研究。
The river is a link connecting the two major carbon stocks of the ocean and the land. Its carbon flux is an important part of the global carbon cycle. Based on the data of “China’s River and Sediment Bulletin”, this paper analyzes the particulate carbon fluxes and their changing characteristics into the sea of rivers in China. The results showed that the average flux of particulate carbon into the sea was 29.57 TgC · yr-1 from 1965 to 2005, accounting for 42% of the total carbon flux into the sea. Organic carbon accounted for 36.02% and inorganic carbon accounted for 63.98% The particulate carbon flux in the Yellow River and the Pearl River accounts for 96.25% of the particulate carbon flux into the sea throughout the country. Since 2003, the flux of particulate carbon into the sea has been declining year by year, but the proportion of particulate organic carbon flux in the particulate carbon flux into the sea has been increased. In 2009, the amount of carbon transported to the oceans by river sediment was only 6.59 TgC, accounting for 22.3% of the average carbon transmission from 1965 to 2005. Thus, the particulate carbon flux occupies an undeniable position in the river carbon flux. In order to accurately estimate the carbon budget of rivers and terrestrial ecosystems in China, the particulate carbon flux should be carefully studied.