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选择硫资源消耗最大的化肥生产过程为载体,应用自然资源流动的理论,结合不同化肥品种的生产对硫资源的流动规律及其时空变化进行了定量研究。结果表明,我国化肥生产中硫资源总转入率只有56%,有322×104t硫转入磷石膏而流失。不同化肥品种转入率差别很大,磷酸二铵、磷酸一铵和重钙等高浓度磷肥中硫的转入率均不足7%,三元复合肥中硫的转入率为38%,过磷酸钙、硫酸钾、硫酸铵等品种中硫的转入率接近100%。高浓度磷肥产量与硫的转入率呈显著负相关,高低浓度磷肥的比例与硫的转入率呈极显著负相关。从1990～2002年,我国硫的总转入率从95.8%下降到57.6%。2002年,全国年产磷肥2×104t(以P2O5计)以上的省份硫的转入率变幅为12.9%～99.7%。这些结果都表明,化肥品种结构对我国硫资源的转化起到决定性作用。因此,在制定我国化肥品种结构调整规划时应当考虑硫资源的合理利用问题。
Choose the process of fertilizer production with the largest consumption of sulfur resources as carrier, apply the theory of natural resource flow, and quantitatively study the law of sulfur flow and its temporal and spatial variation with the production of different chemical fertilizer varieties. The results showed that the total sulfur resource transfer rate in China’s chemical fertilizer production was only 56%, with 322 × 104t sulfur transferred to phosphogypsum and lost. Different fertilizer varieties into the rate varies greatly, diammonium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate and heavy calcium and other high concentrations of phosphorus in the sulfur into the rate of less than 7%, the conversion rate of sulfur in ternary compound fertilizer was 38% Calcium phosphate, potassium sulfate, ammonium sulfate and other varieties of sulfur into the rate close to 100%. There was a significant negative correlation between the production of high-concentration phosphate fertilizer and the rate of sulfur conversion. The proportion of high-low-concentration phosphate fertilizer was significantly negatively correlated with the rate of sulfur conversion. From 1990 to 2002, the total transfer rate of sulfur in our country decreased from 95.8% to 57.6%. In 2002, the rate of change of the sulfur import rate in the provinces above 2 × 104t (calculated as P2O5) was 12.9% ~ 99.7%. All these results show that the structure of fertilizer varieties plays a decisive role in the conversion of sulfur resources in China. Therefore, we should consider the rational utilization of sulfur resources in formulating the structural adjustment plan of China’s fertilizer varieties.