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目的分析中学生心理常见应激源和应对方式,为了解中学生心理需求和制定干预政策提供依据。方法通过整群抽样选取1485例学生以青少年生活事件量表和简化中学生应对方式量表进行测量。结果学习压力因子与人际关系因子得分分别是1.37±0.84和1.27±0.91,为最主要的应激源。问题解决因子得分2.73±0.56是中学生最常用的应对方式。应激源和应对方式在年级、学习成绩,家庭因素等分层因素存在差异。相关性总体上,问题指向等积极应对方式与应激源呈负相关而消极应对方式与应激源呈正相关。结论中学生日常生活构成心理应激源,应关注发生重大生活事件的学生,在学校应加强心理健康教育和建设心理健康服务以满足学生的需求。
Objective To analyze the common psychological sources and coping styles of middle school students and to provide evidences for understanding the psychological needs of middle school students and formulating intervention policies. Methods A total of 1485 students were selected by cluster sampling to measure the life event scale of adolescents and simplified coping style of middle school students. Results The scores of learning stress factor and interpersonal relationship factor were 1.37 ± 0.84 and 1.27 ± 0.91, respectively, which were the most important stressors. The problem solving factor score of 2.73 ± 0.56 is the most common coping style for secondary school students. There are differences in stratification factors such as grade, academic achievement and family factors between stressors and coping styles. Correlation Generally speaking, the positive coping style such as the problem orientation is negatively correlated with the stressors and the negative coping style is positively correlated with the stressors. Conclusion The daily life of middle school students constitutes the source of psychological stress. Students should be concerned about the occurrence of major life events. Psychological health education and mental health services should be strengthened in schools to meet the needs of students.