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土壤中的有机物质(包括施入的有机肥料)通过微生物的矿质化作用,能够为作物源源提供有效的氮、磷、钾、硫等各种养分,提高作物的产量;矿质化过程中的产物通过微生物的同化作用(Assimilation或Immobilization),则可以使土壤有机质逐渐积累和提高,改进土壤的理化性状.这种互为交替周转(turnover)过程,对于土壤中各种养分的存在状态有着密切的关系.若土壤微生物的矿质化与同化这两个对立而又统一作用周转得协调,就可以达到使作物的收状量有所提高并使土壤有机质的含量有所增长的要求.
Organic matter in soil (including applied organic fertilizers) can provide effective nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and other nutrients to crop sources through the mineralization of microorganisms and increase the crop yield; the mineralization process products Through the assimilation or immobilization of microorganisms, soil organic matter can be gradually accumulated and improved to improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, which alternates the process of turnover and has close relationship with the existence of various nutrients in the soil If the two contradictory and assimilating processes of mineralization and assimilation of soil microorganisms are harmonized, it is possible to achieve the requirement of increasing crop yield and increasing the content of soil organic matter.