一、对居民收入差距扩大的认识 居民收入差距的扩大,是党中央、国务院和老百姓都十分关心的问题。早在“八五”初期,政府的一些有关部门就开始注重对缩小居民收入差距问题的研究。但是,居民收入差距问题仍呈扩大之势。究其原因主要有以下几点: 一是国民收入再分配格局的影响。据有关资料显示:1978年国家所得占32％,集体所得占18％,个人所得占50％,到1995年国家所得占11％,集体所得占20％,个人所得占69％。这说明收入分配过分向个人倾斜,个人所得上升幅度太大,而且在个人所得这一部分,分配集中在少数人手中,这是居民收入差距扩大的大前提。 I. Understanding of the Widening Income Gap The expansion of the income gap between residents is a matter of great concern to the Central Party Committee, the State Council and ordinary people. As early as the “Eighth Five-Year Plan” period, some relevant government departments began to pay attention to the study of narrowing the income gap between residents. However, the problem of the income gap between residents is still widening. The main reasons are the following: First, the impact of national income redistribution pattern. According to relevant information, in 1978, the state’s income accounted for 32%, collective income 18%, personal income 50%, and national income 11%, collective income 20% and personal income 69% in 1995. This shows that income distribution is excessively inclined to individuals and the personal income increases by too much. In the part of personal income, distribution is concentrated in the hands of a few people. This is a prerequisite for widening the income gap between residents.